It
used to be that all runners stretched before they ran, and then
there was a big debate. So now a lot of runners don’t
stretch. If you’re a beginning runner, what is the answer:
should you stretch before you run?
No, if you are
not going to stretch correctly. Improper stretching is the second
leading cause of running injuries to both runners who do not
stretch very much and to those who spend an inordinate amount
of time. Studies have shown that morning runners become injured
more often than noontime and evening runners, which suggests
that it is dangerous to stretch cold muscles. It is hard to
stretch muscles that are not loosened and warmed up and you
take the risk of tearing a muscle. A thorough warm-up before
stretching, or postponing stretching till later in the day,
may reduce the risk of injury. Be very gentle when stretching
prior to a run. If you have had achilles tendonitis or tight
calf muscles, you might find it helpful to stretch about 1/2
to 3/4 of a mile into your run. The muscles will have warmed
up and will be better prepared to be stretched. You also have
to be careful about how you stretch. You should never bounce
while stretching because you could tear or pull the muscle you
are trying to stretch. Also avoid stretching too quickly, as
the muscle will respond with a strong contraction and increase
tension. Do not stretch beyond the point where you begin to
feel tightness in the muscle, do not push through muscle resistance,
and never stretch to the point of discomfort or pain.
So now that you
know how not to stretch, how do you stretch? Well, first of
all you should know the benefits of stretching. Many experts
agree that stretching reduces muscle soreness after running
and results in better athletic performance. Gentle stretching
after a race or intense workout can also promote healing and
lactic acid removal from the muscles. Stretching is most effective
when performed several times each week; a minimum of one stretching
session per week is sufficient to maintain flexibility. A predominance
of coaches and runners believe in stretching before and after
every workout. Thus, a typical workout starts with a 10- to
20-minute warm-up, followed by 10-20 minutes of stretching,
the main course, a post-workout stretch and a warm-down jog.
Always remember to stretch slowly in order to avoid the contraction
reflex. By doing so, muscle tension falls, and you may stretch
the muscle further. Hold the stretch for 30 to 40 seconds. You
should try to build stretching into your regular schedule both
before and after your daily run. A good program should include
stretches for the calves, shins, hips, buttocks and thighs.
The miniumum strecthing before your run should be at least three
types of wall pushup's, the hamstring stretch, the heel-to-buttock
stretch, and the groin stretch.
1. Wall Pushup
#1
Stand about three
feet from a wall, feet at shoulder width and flat on the ground.
Put your hands on the wall with your arms straight for support.
Lean your hips forward and bend your knees slightly to stretch
your calves.
2. Wall Pushup #2
From the previous
position, bend forward to lower your body to waist height. Bring
one foot forward with your knee slightly bent. Lift the toes
of the front foot to stretch the muscle under the calf. Stretch
both legs.
3. Wall Pushup #3
Put your feet together,
rocking back on your heels with your hands on the wall and your
arms straight to form a jackknife with your body. This stretches
your hips, shoulders, and lower back.
4. Hamstring Stretch
Lie down with one
leg straight up in the air, the other bent with foot flat on
the ground. Loop a towel over the arch of the lifted foot, and
gently pull on the towel as you push against it with your foot.
Push only to the point where your muscles contract. Stretch
both legs.
5. Heel To Buttock
Stand on one foot,
with one hand on a wall for balance. Hold the other foot with
the opposite hand and raise the heel of the lifted foot to the
buttocks (or as close as comfortably possible), stretching your
quadriceps. Keep your body upright throughout. Change legs and
repeat.
6. Groin Stretch
Seated, put the
soles of your feet together. With your elbows on the inside
of your knees, gradually lean forward and gently press your
knees toward the ground.
|