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INTRODUCTION
You
worry about your children's teeth, eyes, and other parts of
the body. You teach washing, brushing, and grooming, but what
do you do about your child's feet, those still-developing feet
that have to carry the entire weight of the body through a lifetime?
Many adult
foot ailments, like other bodily ills, have their origins in
childhood and are present at birth. Periodic professional attention
and regular foot care can minimize these problems in later life.
Neglecting
foot health invites problems in other parts of the body, such
as the legs and back. There can also be undesirable personality
effects. The youngster with troublesome feet walks awkwardly
and usually has poor general posture. As a result, the growing
child may become shy, introverted, and avoid athletics and social
functions. Consultation between the chiropodist, pediatrician,
and other medical specialists helps to resolve these related
problems.
BABY'S
FEET
The human
foot is one of the most complicated parts of the body it has
26 bones, and is laced with ligaments, muscles, blood vessels,
and nerves. Because the feet of young children are soft and
pliable, abnormal pressure can easily cause deformities.
A child's
feet grow rapidly during the first year, reaching almost half
their adult foot size. This is why foot specialists consider
the first year to be the most important in the development of
the feet.
Here are
some suggestions to help you assure that this development proceeds
normally:
- Look
carefully at your baby's feet. If you notice something that
does not look normal to you, seek professional care immediately.
Deformities will not be outgrown by themselves.
- Cover
baby's feet loosely. Tight covers restrict movement and can
retard normal development.
- Provide
an opportunity for exercising the feet. Lying uncovered enables
the baby to kick and perform other related motions, which
prepare the feet for weight bearing.
- Change
the baby's position several times a day. Lying too long in
one spot, especially on the stomach, can put excessive strain
on the feet and legs.
STARTING
TO WALK
It is unwise
to force a child to walk. When physically and emotionally ready,
the child will walk. Comparisons with other children are misleading,
since the age for independent walking ranges from 10 to 18 months.
When the
child first begins to walk, shoes are not necessary indoors.
Allowing the youngster to go barefoot or to wear just socks
helps the foot to grow normally and to develop its musculature
and strength, as well as the grasping action of toes. Of course,
when walking outside or on rough surfaces, babies' feet should
be protected in lightweight; flexible footwear made of natural
materials.
Soft cartilage can easily be bent out of shape in shoes that
don't fit without you or your child noticing - the layer of
puppy fat means your child will feel no pain while this is happening.
And as a baby's foot is so flexible, it can easily be squeezed
into a badly fitting shoe, storing up trouble for the future.
The correct fit stops this happening in the first place. Therefore
it is very important that you have your child's foot is measured
at a reputable high street shoe shop every 2-4 months.
GROWING
UP
As a child's
feet continue to develop, it may be necessary to change shoe
and sock size every few months to allow room for the feet to
grow. Although foot problems result mainly from injury, deformity,
illness, or hereditary factors, improper footwear can aggravate
pre-existing conditions. Shoes or other footwear should never
be handed down.
The feet
of young children are often unstable because of muscle problems,
which make walking difficult or uncomfortable. A thorough examination
by a podiatrist may detect an underlying defect or condition,
which may require immediate treatment or consultation with another
specialist.
SPORTS
ACTIVITIES
Millions
of British children participate in team and individual sports,
many of them outside the school system, where advice on conditioning
and equipment is not always available. Parents should be concerned
about children's involvement in sports that require a substantial
amount of running and turning, or involve contact. Protective
taping of the ankles is often necessary to prevent sprains or
fractures. Parents should consider discussing these matters
with their family podiatrist if they have children participating
in active sports. Sports-related foot and ankle injuries are
on the rise as more children actively participate in sports.
ADVICE
FOR PARENTS
Problems
noticed at birth will not disappear by themselves. You should
not wait until the child begins walking to take care of a problem
you've noticed earlier.
Remember
that lack of complaint by a youngster is not a reliable sign.
The bones of growing feet are so flexible that they can be twisted
and distorted without the child being aware of it.
Walking
is the best of all foot exercises, according to chiropodists.
They also recommend that walking patterns be carefully observed.
Does the child toe in or out, have knock knees, or other gait
abnormalities? These problems can be corrected if they are detected
early.
Going barefoot
is a healthy activity for children under the right conditions.
However, walking barefoot on dirty pavements exposes children's
feet to the dangers of infection through accidental cuts and
to severe contusions, sprains or fractures.
Another
potential problem is plantar warts, a condition caused by a
virus which invades the sole of the foot through cuts and breaks
in the skin. They require protracted treatment and can keep
children from school and other activities.
Be careful
about applying home remedies to children's feet. Preparations
strong enough to kill certain types of fungus can harm the skin.
Always have
your children's feet measured every time you purchase shoes.
Whenever
you have questions about your child's foot health, contact a
chiropodist in your community.
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If you have any doubts about your child's foot health
visit a chiropodist or podiatrist for a evaluation.
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